Apparent total tract energy and macronutrient digestibility and fecal fermentative end-product concentrations of domestic cats fed extruded, raw beef-based, and cooked beef-based diets. 2010 Bioavailability of lysine for kittens in overheated casein is underestimated by the rat growth assay method.
Effects of species raw material source, ash content, and processing temperature on amino acid digestibility of animal by-product meals by cecectomized roosters and ileally cannulated dogs. The Maillard reaction and pet food processing: effects on nutritive value and pet health. Impact of antinutritional factors in food proteins on the digestibility of protein and the bioavailability of amino acids and on protein quality. Digestibility for dogs and cats of meat and bone meal processed at two different temperature and pressure levels. Nutrient digestibility, but not mineral absorption, is age-dependent in cats. Influence of dietary protein content and source on fecal quality, electrolyte concentrations, and osmolarity, and digestibility in dogs differing in body size. Digestibility of diet in small and large breed dogs. 2006 Washington, DC: National Academies Press p.111-114. In Nutrient Requirements for Dogs and Cats. ↑ 2.0 2.1 National Research Council (NRC).2006 Washington, DC: National Academies Press p.5-9. Comparative Digestive Physiology of Dogs and Cats. Feeding diets with a high soluble fiber content or with larger volumes of poorly digestible carbohydrate will also result in a lower apparent protein digestibility in both dogs and cats.
The digestibility of protein is typically lower in plant-compared to animal-derived proteins.
Dietary factors known to influence protein digestibility include: Additionally, cats protein digestibility of certain protein sources is lower compared to dogs. In healthy animals protein digestibility is influenced by size in dogs and decreases with age. disorders of the stomach, pancreas, small intestine). Protein digestibility can be adversely affected by dysfunction in any of the organs responsible for protein digestion and absorption (e.g. Protein quality is determined by the composition of amino acids, and the digestibility and bioavailability of amino acids within a given protein type. The term “protein quality” is used to describe the ability of a given plant or animal protein to provide adequate levels of essential amino acid(s) in order to support biological functions, such as growth or reproduction. Depending on the amino acid utilized by the intestinal microflora, malodorous by-products of bacterial fermentation can be created, such as cadaverine. Proteins or polypeptides that resist denaturation in the stomach or enzymatic cleavage in the upper small intestine can be fermented by colonic bacteria. acidic-, neutral- or dibasic-amino acid transporters). Specific carrier proteins are present on the mucosal surface of the duodenum and jejunum (to a lesser extent in the ileum) to transport specific amino acid families (e.g. This secretion contains chymotrypsinogen and (trypsinogen) both of which are activated in the intestinal lumen which further cleaves polypeptides into tripeptides, dipeptides and single amino acids. CCK in turn stimulates pancreatic contraction and release of pancreatic juices into the duodenum. In the duodenal lumen polypeptides (especially those containing phenylalanine) stimulate the secretion of cholecystokinin (CCK) from the intestinal mucosa. Pepsinogen is activated to pepsin in the presence of hydrochloric acid and begins the enzymatic breakdown of protein into polypeptides. Protein digestion begins in the stomach of both dogs and cats with the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen in response to the presence of protein in the stomach.
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